SUMMARY (synthesis) THE DRAFT CONSTITUTION BROTHERHOOD CAMPAIGN 2016 - THEME: "common house, our responsibility" MOTTO: "I want to see the right sprout as the source and run the justice which stream that does not dry out." AMOS 5.24 CAMPAIGN OF FRATERNITY 2016 -

SUMMARY (synthesis) THE DRAFT CONSTITUTION BROTHERHOOD CAMPAIGN 2016 - THEME: "common house, our responsibility" MOTTO: "I want to see the right sprout as the source and run the justice which stream that does not dry out." AMOS 5.24
CAMPAIGN OF FRATERNITY 2016 -

THEME: "common house, our responsibility"

MOTTO: "I want to see the right sprout as the source and run the justice which stream that does not dry out."

In 2016, the theme will be "common house, our responsibility" and the biblical motto is based on Amos 5:24 says: "I want to see the right sprout as the source and run the justice which stream that does not dry out."

The main objective of the initiative is to draw attention to the issue of sanitation in Brazil and its importance in ensuring development, overall health and quality of life for everyone.

One of the major novelties of this fourth edition of the ecumenical campaign is the participation of Misereor, episcopal authority of the German Catholic Church working on development cooperation in Asia, Africa and Latin America. Collaboration happens in view of the desire of the organizers to cross borders

SUMMARY OF THE DRAFT CONSTITUTION FRATERNITY CAMPAIGN ECUMENICAL 2016

(Also this blog: quick reading DRAFT CONSTITUTION CF 2016)

'INTRODUCTION



For the fourth time the Brotherhood Campaign is carried out ecumenically. The other three had the following topics:

2000 - Human Dignity and Peace - New Millennium without exclusions

2005 - Solidarity and Peace - Blessed are those who promote peace

2010 - Economy and Life - You can not serve both God and money

The Fraternity Campaign this year's general objective is "to ensure the right to sanitation for all people and commit ourselves in the light of faith, public policy and responsible attitudes to ensure the integrity and the future of our common home."

Reflections on sanitation in this draft text shows that this is a fundamental human right and, like all other rights, requires the joint efforts of civil society and government in the planning and provision of services and care. So it's an Ecumenical Campaign, because the issue of sanitation affects not only Catholics but all people, regardless of the faith they profess.

The supply of drinking water, sewage, urban cleaning, solid waste management, control of disease-transmitting means and the rainwater drainage measures are needed so that all people can have decent health and life. Therefore, we must bear in mind that "environmental justice" is part of "social justice."



FIRST PART



The choices of attitudes towards the preservation of life on planet Earth should be guided by criteria consistent with the purpose of greater justice and peace. Such choices should contribute to overcoming inequalities and abuse of creation. So today, concerns and consequent actions within the sanitation pass to incorporate not only issues of health policy, but also social and environmental justice. It is therefore necessary and urgent that the actions for environmental preservation also seek to build justice, particularly for small and poor.

Studies estimate that a child dies every three minutes by not having access to clean water, lack of sewage systems and poor hygiene. Children with diarrhea eat less and are less able to absorb nutrients from food, which makes them even more susceptible to diseases related to bacteria. The problem is aggravated because children more vulnerable to acute diarrhea also have no access to health services that can save them. Expanding the issue of health for all age groups in 2013, according to the Ministry of Health (DATASUS), have been reported more than 340,000 hospitalizations for gastrointestinal infections in the country. 100% of the population had access to the collection of sewage would be a reduction in absolute terms of 74 600 admissions.

The latest NHIS data (National System of Sanitation Information - base 2013) show that just over 82% of the population have access to clean water. More than 100 million people in the country still do not have sewage collection and only 39% of sewage is treated, with daily dumped the equivalent of more than 5,000 Olympic swimming pools of untreated sewage in nature.

Some global data on sanitation:

- Worldwide, a billion people make their needs in the open.

- More than 4,000 children die each year from lack of access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation.

- In Latin America, people have more access to mobile phones than to toilets.

- 120 million Latin Americans do not have access to toilets.



Brazil Some data on sanitation



- Brazil is among the 20 countries in the world where people have less access to bathrooms.

- Each Brazilian generates an average of 1 kilogram of solid waste daily. Only the city of São Paulo generates 12 to 14 thousand tons per day of solid waste.

- The 13 largest cities in the country account for 31.9% of all solid waste in the Brazilian urban environment.



Where will all this waste?



According to the National Survey Basic Sanitation 2008 IBGE, published in 2010:

50.8% were taken to the dumps, location to deposit the raw garbage on the ground, without any care or special equipment.
21.5% are taken to controlled landfill site used to dump raw garbage collected, with care, every day, after the working day, cover the waste with a layer of soil, so as not to cause damage or health risks and public safety and minimize environmental impacts.
27.7% are taken to landfills, site monitored in accordance with environmental legislation, so that no waste or its liquid and gaseous effluent may cause harm to public health or the environment.


An alarming fact is that North America and Europe send their solid waste to Africa and, unfortunately, also for Brazil. In 2009 and 2010 Brazilian ports receive waste loads (TRASH) home and hospital. Only focusing on Brazil, the dumps and landfills without control, are located near or in residential areas of poor populations, in which the inhabitants are forced to live with the dirt generated by other residents, resulting in environmental injustice.



BASIC SANITATION FOR CITY BEYOND



If the situation is already precarious in urban areas, in rural Brazil is even more absurd. Only 42% of rural households have piped water for domestic use. The other 58% using water from other sources, but without any treatment.

Many rural households are so poor that even have toilets or septic tanks. Only 5.2% of rural households have sewage connected to the general network and 28% have septic tank. In 49% of homes with bathroom, the flow of feces and urine runs through rudimentary tanks not connected to the network. There are 52.9% of households seeking rudimentary solutions such as ditches or dumping of sewage directly into waterways. There are still 13.6% who do not use any solution.

All these figures reveal a lack of dignity to the lives of people living in rural areas. Are 7.6 million (25% of the rural population of Brazil) living in extreme poverty. Therefore, the rural sanitation should be implemented in coordination with other public policies in order to overcome the shortage of housing, poor access to rural electrification and public transport.



SANITATION AND DRINKING WATER, A LINK VITAL



Water is the most abundant resource on the planet Earth, but only 0.007% is available for human consumption. The rest is made up of salt water, glaciers and underground difficult to capture water. Brazil is privileged in water resources, with 12% of the world's fresh water. However, the shortage of drinking water, which is now a chronic problem in many regions of the world is also generating alerts in our country.

It is important to know that about 70% of Brazil's fresh water are concentrated in the North, the least populous, while the Northeast and Southeast regions with high population, have little water. The risk of shortages on a large scale is a threat not only in traditionally arid areas but also in major cities.

In the near future, the search for water will be able to cause international disputes. Despite the finding of lack of water, Brazil is considered the waste of water in the world champion - the average waste of drinking water in distribution systems reaches 37%.



TO JUDGE



The Bible is a progressive revelation. Even before Jesus to do the full revelation of God's love and Merciful, the prophets have announced important aspects of charity and justice, fundamentals of God's Kingdom. The common good, willed by God, is the ultimate goal of the Holy Scriptures. The accession of the Kingdom of God of the project and, therefore, the commitment to building the common good is it depends on individual salvation.

When we speak of the common good, we can not restrict it only to the relationship of human beings to each other, but also those with nature, should be kept with gratitude and respect. And the use of nature and all material goods should happen fairly and focused on building a society with more equality, instead of being used to meet the greed of a few.

The choice of Amos text ( "I want to see the right sprout as the source and run the justice which stream that does not dry" - Amos 5:24) is no accident. Amos bases his prophetic preaching an acute social withdrawal, drawing attention to economic progress or not translate into equality and justice for all. Your report points to a social chaos situation where personal relationships were breaking (Amos 2,6-8). With their complaints, Amos shows that faith in God was being manipulated by the official religion (Amos 4.4 to 5). God wants justice and dignity for all. Not only to Israel and Judah (Amos 9.7 to 8).

Amos also denounces the cult empty, full of praises and offerings to God, but that does not make people do justice. They are great offerings that are pleasing to God, but the practice of law and justice (Amos 5.21 to 25). This theme is also treated by the prophets Isaiah, Hosea and Micah (cf. Isaiah 32,18; Hosea 6.6). The prophet Micah, in a few words, sums up this complex issue:

"You were made known, O man, what is good, what does the Lord require of thee: nothing but respect the law, love mercy and applying yourself to walk with your God" (Micah 6.8) .

Guarantee the basic rights to human life and take good care of the planet, are key parts of the righteousness required by God. When this happens, the prophet says that the beasts, the birds, the fish of the sea desparecem (Hosea 4.1 to 3).

What God wants from us is that we as gardeners who take care of nature with affection. And also, the care one for another, as one who takes care of plants they love. It is this that is present on the book's description of Genesis, which relates the creation of the world. God took Adam and put him in the Garden of Eden to cultivate it and kept (cf. Genesis 2:15).

In Eden was born a river that was divided into four arms, remembering the four cardinal points and thus representing the whole earth. These early passages in the Bible highlight the importance of human care for the integrity of creation. The clean drinking water, also appears as a symbol of life when Moses brought forth the net of life in the desert (Exodus 17.6). It is also water as a symbol of life that Jesus announced to the Samaritan woman (John 4:14). In Revelation the New Jerusalem have again a symbol that evokes the water as source of life (Revelation 22.1-2).

In the Bible there are several reports that since announcing the need to keep clean nature and care for the precious liquid:

We need to organize the people - decentralization of power and decisions - for people to be served on your needs and take care of the environment in which they live (Exodus 18, 13-27)
Must maintain cleanliness in the camp, keep covered stool to prevent dirt and disease (Deuteronomy 23.13 to 14).
Care and treatment of water to be consumed. The sources, wells and tanks must be kept pure (Leviticus 11.36; Exodus 15.23 to 25; 2 Kings 2.19 to 22).
Caring for trees and woods, mainly of fruit trees (Leviticus 19,25; Deuteronomy 20:19; Judges 4.4 to 5).


All these activities should always be involved in the care for the poor (Deuteronomy 23, 25, 24, 14-15.19-22 as James 5.1 to 6). Just as one should not exploit the worker, who has the right to rest, and the land every seven years should have the rest (Leviticus 25: 2-7).



BASIC SANITATION AND PRACTICE OF JUSTICE



Returning to the theme of Amos (5.24) that animates our Campaign of Ecumenical Fraternity, the prophet compares the practice of justice as a source gushing clean water and a perennial river does not dry ever.

The comparison that Amos makes the water flowing through the practice of justice, remember that the welfare of all the inhabitants of a place should be the goal of every public service. No one can just get the easy and quick profit at the expense of the rights of others. It is as if a person represasse one for river only themselves, forming a huge dam while all are just ahead with a trickle of water.

Jesus denounces the greed and empty rites, which favors the pure (those who held economic power) and marginalizes the unclean (the poor and sick at the time were seen as abandoned by God and therefore were marginalized). That is why Jesus said: "Happy are those who hunger and thirst for righteousness, for they shall be filled. Blessed are the merciful, for they shall obtain mercy "(Matthew 5.6 to 7).

We live in an urban society organized around the market economy principles. In this society the "blessed" are those with purchasing power. Everything becomes merchandise, including primary goods such as water and land.

In this type of society, the public benefits are eventually intended to wealthier regions. poor neighborhoods end up being left in second place, without the benefits of sewage, garbage collection, public transportation, good schools, etc.

Reflecting on all this, it becomes clear that faithfulness to God must manifest itself in the preservation of all that is necessary so that the great human family can live with dignity and justice in a well-kept environment. But do not just reflect. As Jesus showed us the parable of the two sons called to work in the vineyard (Matthew 21.28 to 31), not enough to have a good speech, the important thing is to get into action, turning the world the way God wants.



ACT



Campaigns of Ecumenical Fraternity strengthen the spaces of interaction between the different Churches. The dialogue and joint work in favor of the common good are important testimonies that we can offer to society. After all, Jesus always stood open to listening, to shares and a good wheel conversation (as John 4; Mark 8.1 to 9). Therefore, this campaign of Ecumenical Fraternity should motivate us to go out to all people - Catholic, Protestant, spiritualist, other religions and even non-believers - so that together we find joint actions that promote the care of our common home.

"Common Home, our responsibility" is a theme that guides us to collectively we act in favor of the development, implementation and monitoring of the Sanitation Municipal Plans. Responsibilities are collective but differentiated:

The government has the task of carrying out infrastructure projects, implement the Municipal Plan for Sanitation, ensure cleanliness of public space and make waste sorting.
Citizens have the task of not littering and care for collective spaces.


These attitudes may prophet Amos's dream come closer to what is the "right view spring as a source and run the justice which stream that does not dry" (Amos 5:24).



WE KNOW SOME ATTITUDES THAT CAN TAKE

IN YOUR HOME - Water is used with economy? - Do you know if the sewage collected from your home is treated? - Do you mind and denounces when you see a water leak in your street? - When you leave a lit room, has a habit of erasing the lamp? - Where will you give to cooking oil that can not be reused?
IN YOUR NEIGHBORHOOD - There piped water network? - There is regular garbage collection? - There is the usual charge of their own welfare authorities of the government?
IN YOUR TOWN - Water is quality? - There are sewage treatment plants? There are popular cooperatives of recycling of solid waste? When there is approval of the construction project of a property, the sewage is taken into consideration?


A GESTURE CONCRETE PERSONAL FOR LENT



We have an exciting proposal: take care of the common home that God has given us and make it a healthy place in which brotherhood and justice run like rivers of living water. God help us to live with joy and responsibility this beautiful mission! As a sign of this commitment, we propose that during Lent will realize the effort to avoid consumerism and waste of food. Make a day of fasting, giving to the poor who do not eat that day.

Whatever we do needs to be driven by the grace of God that illuminates our understanding, strengthens our disposal, does not let us give up the brotherly love and make our work better and produce more permanent fruit. Therefore, we are praying and celebrating, surrender to God the service that we provide, that God always inspire us to walk beside the preservation of beautiful and healthy environment that has given us in creation.

Below texts for issue of deepening



Sanitation - portrait of Brazil in the census 2011

By Sylvia Miguel
Picture houses built of polluted river with esgoto.Para meet the sanitation deficit in the country, it would take RS Order of investments $ 12 billion per year for 20 consecutive years. The calculations were made by Professor Wanderley da Silva Paganini, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health (FSP), USP, based on preliminary data from Census 2011, released in late April by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) . For the specialist in sanitation, the 2011 Census numbers reveal a "worrying" situation with regard to access to the network of sewage collection and water supply in the country.
"We talk about 85% of sewage coverage for the state of São Paulo, and we still scandalized by this index, compared to European countries. But we forget that the rest of the country that number drops to 50% on average. There are places where there is not even collected. In Manaus, for example, only 11% of sewage is collected, which means that almost all the sewage produced remains in the middle where people live, "he says.
In rural areas, almost 40% did not have exclusive use of the bathroom at home, between the household monthly income per capita range of up to R $ 140.00. Of those who had bathroom in rural areas in this range of per capita household income less than 20% were connected to the public distribution network or septic tank. In Brazil, the total 57,324,185 households surveyed, 6.2% did not have exclusive use of bathroom (3,562,671).
On the other hand, in urban areas the situation is reversed. In São Paulo, 86.79% owned equipment connected to the general network of collection; the Federal District, 80.58%; in Rio de Janeiro, 76.69%; and Minas Gerais, 76.33% had sanitary equipment connected to the network of collection.
According to Paganini, Brazil has not faced as to the most basic problems of universal water supply, collection and even less of sewage treatment. Currently, says the professor, the country annually invests about R $ 4 billion in sanitation, with only half comes from public funds. The other half comes from private sanitation companies.
To illustrate the precariousness that is Brazil in this area, Paganini mentioned data from the World Health Organization (WHO) on child mortality. "This indicator is directly related to the health conditions of the countries. Brazil is just better than very poor countries of South and Central America, "he says.
The infant mortality rate in Brazil was 25 per thousand live births, compared to an 35 rate per thousand in Nicaragua, from 54 per thousand in Bolivia and 80 per thousand in Haiti, according to the 2005 survey of the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO). 2008 data from the Ministry of Health show that the national infant mortality rate was 22.8 per thousand live births. In the Northeast, the number reached 32.8 deaths per thousand live births in the same year. According to the Millennium Development Goals set by the United Nations, Brazil must meet by 2012 the goal of 12.9 deaths per thousand live births.
For Professor José Luiz Negrao Mucci, also of the Department of Environmental Health of the FSP, the sanitary condition of the country reflects both the priorities of public policies on the population's income situation. "Or people do not have economic conditions to connect your home network to the collection or the government itself does not invest in general sanitation services for low-income people," he says.
"For the very poor, perhaps the priority is another such as eating, for example. There are places where people just do not care about it. Regional disparities continue in that area, "says Mucci.
Water
Image of people taking poço.Apesar water the greater availability of water, the countryside is where the treated water is less accessible. In three different income groups surveyed (from R $ 0.00 to R $ 70.00 to R $ 71.00 to R $ 140.00 and above R $ 141.00), only about 20% of households they had access to water supply from the public grid. In the same income brackets, the other 80% of permanent households in rural areas had access to water from "well or spring on the property", "well or spring off the property" or "other" forms, such as tanker trucks , for example.
Nevertheless, the water supply situation is less critical than the sewage, is considered the grand total for the urban and rural areas. "Of the total households in Brazil, 82.85% were served by public grid. But regional disparities remain, and in the North only 54.48% were connected to the public network, "says Professor Ana Maria Marangoni, Department of Geography, Faculty of Philosophy, Letters and Human Sciences (FFLCH) USP.
"Water can be a vector for good or evil. Diseases by waterborne account for two thirds of hospitalizations among children under 5 years old, "says the teacher Paganini, the FSP.
As for garbage collection, this is the service that features smaller regional disparities. In the country as a whole, 87.40% of households are serviced directly by cleaning services, whether for home collection or by deposition in collecting buckets. Extremes are Rondônia, where 38% are met, Piauí (42%), Acre (47%) and Pará (47%).
"Nevertheless, there are still the problems of disposal of waste, with the most serious consequence, which is the environmental contamination. not yet solved the issue of landfills, the saturation of landfills, pollution, waste selection and traffic, "says Professor Ana Maria.
Aging
The first survey results show that Brazil has 190,755,799 inhabitants, compared to the 169,799,170 inhabitants of a decade ago. As expected, the age pyramid is reversed. Thus, from 2000 to 2010, the group of up to 14 years of age decreased from 29.6% to 24.1%, while increased the percentage of individuals in the 15-64 range (64.5 to 68% , 5%) and also those that have more than 65 years of age (increased from 5.9% to 7.4%).
The consequence of this evolution will be increased pressure for services for the aging population, says Professor Hervé Théry, also of the Department of Geography FFLCH. "This is already happening especially in more traditional neighborhoods such as Higienópolis, Sao Paulo, and Copacabana in Rio de Janeiro," he recalls.
From 21 tables released by IBGE to the preliminary data of the 2010 Census Universe Set for Major Regions and Federative Units, it is possible to have some evidence of how and where Brazilians living, income levels, the situation of households and evolution illiteracy, among other information. New social, economic and demographic data will be known in the coming months, according to a published calendar in http://www.ibge.gov.br/home/estatistica/populacao/censo2010/calendario.shtm.
The adoption of a handheld computer equipped with GPS for data collection was the big news poll released this year. This was the 12th general census of Brazil and the initial number refers to the year 1872.
Poverty still affects 16 million
The census in 2011 found 16.2 million Brazilians living below the extreme poverty line, ie 8.6% of the population lives with a household monthly nominal income per capita of up to R $ 70.00. Of this total, 4.8 million have no income.
"This is not a negligible number. It means that almost one in ten Brazilians live in poverty. The good news is that this number has been steadily regressing. But unfortunately the percentage of those who had no income remained virtually the same in a decade, something around 4.5%, "says Arilson Favareto, Doctor from the Faculty of Economics, Administration and Accounting (FEA), USP and teacher the Federal University of ABC.
For the teacher, there is a big problem in defining poverty on the sole criterion monetary income. "A person can be in this income range, but have minimal living conditions and social inclusion. That makes all the difference in the ability to expand their life chances and choices, "he says.
To Favareto it is a mistake to have a single poverty rating parameter for the entire Brazilian territory, due to regional and cultural differences. "The amount of miserable does not change much in urban areas compared to rural. What changes are the most precarious living conditions in the countryside. This reinforces the need to establish other criteria for public policies to eradicate poverty. Moreover, the social and productive policies should be connected. For example, the Bolsa Família should have a closer relationship with development programs, such as the Growth Acceleration Program (PAC), "says Favareto.
Illiteracy
classroom image precária.O Census 2011 showed that the country has 14,612,183 illiterates among more than 162 million Brazilians over the age of 10, or 9.02% of the population from this age group. Of these, 9.4 million are in urban areas and 5.2 million in rural areas. "The fall of illiteracy among the population of more than 5 years of age is secular. But also highlights the huge challenge to adult education, "says Professor Stela Bertholo Piconez, Faculty of Education (FE), USP.
Professor Stela says that one of the problems faced in the form of census data collection concerns the very conception of what is understood by an illiterate person. "The long history proves that whoever ends up with the adult illiteracy is death. Historically, the precariousness of our elementary school care system has always been identified as responsible for illiteracy rates. This means that 9.6% of the population can not read or write? When this became a problem? Read and write a simple note, according to census definition, can mean very little reach educational, social and political, "he says.
Despite the limitations attributed to the Census, the professor reminds us that research reveals the educational status of the population, that "even being illiterate, it uses cellular, computer, among other contemporary technologies, and communicates." Besides illiteracy detected by the Census indicates "a real phenomenon of educational exclusion and thus defined still exists in our country."
The possible sustainability
The densification of cities and population oenvelhecimento may not represent a big problem if cities glimpse sustainable ways to maintain their living conditions. It's what you want to reveal a study that has been undertaken by experts from various fields and will soon become a publication headed by architect and urban planner Bruno Padovano, professor at the Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism (FAU), USP.
"Despite the problems, the government in general has been concerned in planning urban spaces with sustainable projects. Some examples of this are the linear parks, bike paths, afforestation, combating floods and the removal of people from risk areas, among many other ways to improve life in cities, "said Padovano.
In addition to mapping the projects and sustainable actions of cities, experts seek to understand whether municipal policies have integrative dynamics between different sectors, says the professor. Besides Padovano, work will also be coordinated by Professor Marly Namur, FAU, and researcher Patricia Bertacchini.






























































































































































































































TRASH













































Social Communication





said:



tanned
Answer




tanned
Answer




tanned
Answer




tanned
Answer




God bless her


tanned
Answer




tanned
Answer




tanned
Answer



Thank you.

tanned
Answer




tanned
Answer




tanned
Answer


Maria


tanned
Answer

leave a comment








Name

Web site
















Files
February 2016

December 2015



















Categories

Health and wellness
Goal



Comments RSS
WordPress.com