Winter will catch fire in the Amazon this year. NASA this week released a report on the season of fires in floreta and forecasts are the scariest since 2001.
Scientists evaluate the risk of fire compared to the past 15 years since the study began. And the current situation is the worst: the danger of severe fires is above 90% for all states in the Amazon region - the highest rate in Pará, is 98%.
We are in the cycle of the El Niño weather phenomenon that warms the temperature of the oceans. warm oceans affect the cycle of rains and it happened this summer: the rain that usually reaches the Amazon moved further north, leaving the region dry and more susceptible to fire.
In the season with less rainfall, which begins now, in winter, the situation should worsen further. A warm Atlantic is always a bad sign - not only increases the chance of fire here, but potentiates the tornadoes that hit North America. To make matters worse, the Pacific waters are also warmer than normal, all the fault of El Niño.
Scientists from NASA and the University of California, Irving also assessed the drought level using the GRACE satellite (Recovery of gravity and climate experiments, in English), which helped to estimate how much water we have accumulated in rivers and aquifers. Everything indicates that the drought will be even worse than in 2005 and 2010, while other romps of El Niño.
As explained by the NASA report, without enough water, the trees reduce evapotranspiration. Decreases, then the moisture in the atmosphere - and then both the vegetation as the layer of organic waste on the floor is dry. There is a leap to all catch fire.
The expectation is that the situation be similar to 1998, when the phenomenon caused devastating fires in Roraima.
But you can not put everything in the El Niño account: it increases, rather, the risk of devastating fires. Still, the vast majority of fires in the region is not natural: it is started by farmers burning forests to clear fields for farming and livestock. The problem is that by joining this practice with dry vegetation, these fires are almost impossible to control.
The hope of the researchers is a change that comes from the north. If the North Atlantic start to have lower temperatures, rainfall can become more abundant and play a happy bucket of ice water in anticipation of NASA.
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